Countermeasures to improve the machining accuracy of CNC machine

In the machining process of CNC machine tools, the accuracy of the parts processed directly affects the quality of the product. Some mechanical parts and parts of precision equipment have very high requirements for machining accuracy. Improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools is to solve the problem. The point is. Through extensive research and analysis, there are roughly the following methods to improve the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools:

(1) Improve machining accuracy by controlling the original error of CNC machine tools

In the process of CNC machine tool processing, the error itself is inevitable. There is a certain error between the processed part and the CNC machine tool. This certain error is called the original error.

Therefore, to improve the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools, controlling the original error of CNC machine tools is one of the important countermeasures. A systematic analysis should be carried out for the possibility of the original error, and corresponding improvement measures should be formulated according to the cause of the error and the error type. In the machining process of mechanical parts, the position accuracy and geometric accuracy of CNC machine tools have an important influence on the machining accuracy of parts. Position control and geometric accuracy control should be used to reduce the influence of position and geometric errors on parts. At the same time, air cooling, water cooling and other methods should be used to control the thermal deformation during the processing to reduce the impact of the processing accuracy caused by the thermal deformation error. At the same time, for the position error, it is necessary to reasonably select the tool suitable for the material of the part to avoid tool deformation. At the same time, select a reasonable fixture according to the blank shape of the processed part. If necessary, specially design the fixture for the shape and size of the part to avoid Position error.

(2) Reasonably design the core components of the machine tool to avoid positioning errors

The positioning accuracy of the machine tool has an important impact on the accuracy of the parts, and the core components that affect the positioning accuracy of the machine tool, such as the straightness and levelness of the feed system, guide rail, and work surface, etc. When designing a CNC machine tool, it is necessary to select core components reasonably. For example, when selecting a ball screw widely used in machine tools, the accuracy of the ball screw should be fully considered, and the more mature ball screw technology should be selected and installed. The support of the ball screw cannot be ignored. The support of the ball screw is closely related to the transmission accuracy of the system. The support of the ball screw is mainly determined by the axial load and the rotation speed, which has an important influence on the machining accuracy of the CNC lathe. Accurate fixing and support methods. In addition, the bearing capacity of the ball screw should be strictly checked during the design process.

The drag chain, as a part of the external protection of the machine tool, is now indispensable for the machine tool. Due to its chain link structure, a certain vibration will also be generated when following the movement of the tool post. This vibration will be directly transmitted to the tool, which will eventually affect the machining accuracy to a certain extent.

(3) Improve the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools through real-time monitoring technology

With the continuous improvement of CNC technology, the CNC machine tools are monitored in real time throughout the machining process, the error links in the machining process are adjusted in time, and the error data of each link in the machining process is collected, and fed back to the control terminal, and passed The error data adopts the corresponding error compensation mechanism to carry out timely error compensation, which can effectively improve the machining accuracy of the parts.